Euphorbia kuwaleana

O.Deg. & Sherff (1949)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Rosids Order: Malpighiales Family: Euphorbiaceae Genus: Euphorbia

‘akoko [akoko], ‘ekoko [ekoko], koko, kōkōmālei [kokomalei]

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Shrubs 0.2–0.9 m tall, young bark reddish brown, older bark dark gray and glaucous.

Stems: Stems erect, many-branched, young branch ends villous but glabrate with age except the pilose nodes, flowering branches 1–2 mm in diameter.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Opposite, distichous. Blades ovate to rarely orbicular, 11–25 mm long, 8–15 mm wide. Apex rounded, retuse. Base cordate, oblique. Lower surfaces glabrous or villous along the midvein and pilose at basal margin; glaucous. Margins entire. Petioles 0.5–1 mm long, pilose. Stipules rounded–triangular, 0.5–1 mm long, villous, occasionally erose.

Flowers: Flowers in cyathia solitary in the leaf axils or rarely terminal, peduncles 0–0.5 mm long, glabrous. involucre campanulate, 1–1.5 mm high, 1.5–2 mm wide, glabrous to villous beneath the glands, glands 4, usually glabrous. Flowers unisexual and highly reduced. Pistillate flowers solitary, on a gynophore; staminate flowers in 5 groups or cymules, each with 1 to several flowers. Calyx (sepals) absent. Corolla (petals) absent. Male flower reduced to a single stamen, with an articulation at junction of pedicel and filament, subtended by slender bracteoles. Ovary superior; styles bifid ⅓ their length, 0.5–1 mm long.

Fruit: Capsules shape and size unknown; glabrous; gynophores recurved; exserted ca.1.2 mm from involucre; pubescent. Seeds unknown.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Arid volcanic cliffs.

Elevation Range: ca. 250 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

O'ahu Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Occas. Pap. Bernice Pauahi Bishop Mus. 20: 9 (1949)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:610 (O [as Chamaesyce kuwaleana]); Govaerts et al. 2000:764/Yang & Berry 2011 (Syn. C. kuwaleana = E. kuwaleana)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Euphorbia kuwaleana Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 19613 Oahu BISH 1949-06-12
2 Euphorbia kuwaleana Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details On arid volcanic cliffs Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 19613 Oahu BISH 1949-06-12
3 Euphorbia kuwaleana Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 19613 Oahu BISH 1949-06-12
4 Euphorbia kuwaleana Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Panicum beecheyi, Eragrostis variabilis, Dodonaea viscosa, Heteropogon contortus, Sida fallax, Kalanchoe pinnata, Cenchrus ciliaris, Leucaena leucocephala, Chamaesyce kuwaleana, Artemisia, Carex meyenii, Acacia confusa, Lantana camara, Opuntia, Grevillea robusta, Bidens torta, Doryopteris, Ageratina riparia Preserved_Specimen Wood, K.R. 3171 Oahu BISH 1994-05-06
5 Euphorbia kuwaleana Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Along dry, open, rock faces. Preserved_Specimen Obata, J.K. 87681 Oahu BISH 1987-11-08
6 Euphorbia kuwaleana Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details On arid volcanic cliffs Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 19613 Oahu BISH 1949-06-12
7 Euphorbia kuwaleana Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In Dodonaea viscosa lowland dry shrubland with Sida fallax, Artemisia australis, Opuntia, Leucaena leucocephala, several hundred plants. Preserved_Specimen Perlman, S. 6822 Oahu BISH 1987-11-08
8 Euphorbia kuwaleana Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Exposed, rocky, dry, on two peaks 321 and 275 m Preserved_Specimen Obata, J.K. 400 Oahu BISH 1978-08-19
9 Euphorbia kuwaleana Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Thin guano soil on basaltic rock Preserved_Specimen Fosberg, F.R. 14092 Oahu BISH 1937-06-18